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The Negishi coupling reaction is a palladium- or nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction used to form carbon–carbon bonds between an organozinc compound and an organic halide or pseudohalide. It is an important method in organic synthesis because organozinc reagents are relatively stable, less basic, and highly functional-group tolerant compared to organolithium or Grignard reagents. The reaction is widely applied in the synthesis of biaryls, ______ ______ _________ _______ _______ _______ ______.
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