Explain basic instrumentation for IR Spectrometry and its environmental applications?

Infrared (IR) Spectrometry is an analytical technique that utilizes the absorption of infrared radiation by molecules to identify and quantify chemical compounds. The basic instrumentation for IR Spectrometry consists of an IR source, an optical path for the IR radiation to pass through the sample, a sample holder, a detector, and a data analysis system.

The IR source emits radiation over a range of wavelengths, typically between 4000 and 400 cm^-1. The source is usually a heated filament or a ceramic element, and the wavelength range is selected by a monochromator or a filter. The radiation is then directed through the sample by means of mirrors or lenses, and the amount of radiation absorbed by the sample is measured by a detector. The sample holder is typically a small container _________ ______ ____ ______ ____ _____ ________ _______.
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