Give a note on scintillation process and working mechanism of scintillation counter?

Scintillation is the process by which light is emitted when a material absorbs ionizing radiation such as alpha, beta, or gamma rays. A scintillation counter is a device used to detect ionizing radiation by measuring the amount of light emitted during scintillation.

The working mechanism of a scintillation counter involves several steps. First, the incoming ionizing radiation interacts with the scintillator material, which is usually a crystal or a liquid that can absorb the energy of the radiation. This interaction results in the creation of excited states within the scintillator material, which can then decay back to the ground state by releasing the absorbed energy in the form of ______ ___ _____ ________ _________ __________ _____ ______ ___ ________ _____.
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