Examine the theoretical frameworks and models of change management.

There are eight main change management models organizations turn to for inspiration.

1. Lewin’s change management model

This model is named after its originator, Kurt Lewin, who developed it in the 1950s. It’s divides the change process into three steps:

Unfreeze This is the preparation stage. Analyze how things work now, so you accurately understand what needs to change to get the intended results. In this stage, you also make your case to employees and communicate what to expect so everyone impacted is prepared.

Change This is the implementation phase. Put the change into practice, and keep communicating and providing support for all employees involved.

Refreeze To avoid falling back into the old way of doing things, develop a strategy to check in and make sure the change sticks. Review how the new processes work and measure how well you’ve reached your goals.

2. The McKinsey 7-S model

Developed by McKinsey & Company consultants this model involves breaking a change program into seven components to focus on:

• Change strategy
• Structure of your company
• Business systems and processes
• Shared company values and culture
• Style or manner of the work
• Staff involved
• Skills your staff have
• Breaking organizational change down into these core components helps to avoid overlooking any important factors.

3. Kotter’s change management theory

Harvard professor and change management expert John Kotter created a _____ ___ _______ ____ __________ ___ _______.
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