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Fred W. Riggs’ Prismatic Model is one of the most significant contributions to the comparative study of public administration. It was developed to explain the administrative systems of developing societies, particularly those undergoing transition from traditional to modern forms. Riggs argued that the administrative structures of such societies cannot be understood through the Western models of developed countries because they possess unique social, economic, cultural, and political characteristics. The Prismatic Model attempts to explain these transitional societies by focusing on the relationship between social structures and administrative behaviour. Riggs developed the model by comparing three ideal types of societies: fused, prismatic, and diffracted. The fused society represents traditional societies where social structures are _________ ________ _____ ______ _____ ________ _________.
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