Discuss the universal perspectives of Organisational Design. Identify the restructuring strategy being adopted by an organisation you are familiar with and make a brief analysis of the contingent factors that have influenced the strategy of the said organisation. Briefly describe the organisation you are referring to.

Universal Perspectives of Organizational Design:

Organizational design encompasses the structures, processes, and systems that shape how an organization operates and achieves its goals. Several universal perspectives guide the design of organizations, reflecting different approaches to organizing work and resources efficiently and effectively. These perspectives include:

1. Classical Perspective: Rooted in the early work of theorists like Frederick Taylor and Henri Fayol, the classical perspective emphasizes principles of hierarchy, specialization, and clear division of labor. Organizations following this perspective tend to have a bureaucratic structure with clearly defined roles and responsibilities.

2. Neoclassical Perspective: Building upon the classical perspective, the neoclassical perspective emphasizes the importance of human factors in organizational design. It recognizes the significance of employee motivation, job satisfaction, and group dynamics. Organizations adopting this perspective often have flatter hierarchies, participative decision-making, and a focus on employee empowerment.

3. Modern Perspective: The modern perspective integrates elements from both classical _____ _________ ________ ______ ___.
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