Discuss the process of urbanization under the Delhi Sultans.

The process of urbanization under the Delhi Sultans was a significant period in the history of urban development in the Indian subcontinent. The Delhi Sultanate, which ruled over a vast territory from the 13th to the 16th century, played a crucial role in shaping the urban landscape and fostering the growth of cities across their domains. This essay will delve into the various aspects of urbanization during this era, including the establishment of new cities, the expansion of existing settlements, and the factors that contributed to the development of urban centers.

1. Establishment of New Cities:
The Delhi Sultans were avid builders and patrons of architecture, and they played a pivotal role in the establishment of new cities across their empire. These cities served as administrative centers, military strongholds, and hubs of trade and commerce. Some of the notable cities founded during this period include:

a. Delhi: The city of Delhi, which served as the capital of the Delhi Sultanate, underwent significant expansion and development under the Sultans. The city was fortified with massive walls and gates, and new palaces, mosques, and other structures were erected, reflecting the architectural prowess of the time.

b. Agra: The city of Agra rose to prominence during the reign of the Lodi dynasty, the __________ ____ ___ _________ ____ ___ ____ _________.
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