Discuss the issues addressed by contemporary women’s movement in India.

From 1970 onwards, development of social movements highlighting the problems of the rural and urban poor, industrial working class, tribal masses and minorities threw up new kind of women decision makers who had the combined strength of street-fighting, formal education and strategic thinking. They had to work under tremendous adversity, as they were a part of the politics of protest. In the nineties, other sectors of society also gave space to competent and highly qualified women to be in decision-making bodies. At present, gender sensitisation of the state and central government, management and trade unions, mass organisations, educational institutions is one of the topmost priorities among the development-oriented organisations. In the last two decades, women who have held important positions have had positive experiences whenever they have done thorough homework and have played roles of problem shooters diligently and fearlessly. At the same time, in several places they have faced tremendous male hostility and physical violence. Competent women in public life who have promoted the ethos of distributive justice have managed to get popular support.

During 1970s and 1980s, the women’s movement highlighted the marginalisation of women from the economy. The efforts of women activists were directed in agitation and propaganda for women’s rights, street-fighting against escalating violence against assertive women and team building to counter sexual harassment at the work place. In the 1990s, the women’s movement demanded its legitimate place within the mainstream with its own agenda of empowerment of women with partnership with men. It has been able to identify its allies in all sections of society. Its horizontal and vertical _________ ___ ____ _____ ________ _____ ___ _____.
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