Discuss the features of 73rdConstitutional Amendment and observations on the Act.

The Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 has added a new part IX consisting of 16 Articles and the Eleventh Schedule to the Constitution. The 73th Amendment envisages the Gram Sabha as the foundation of the Panchayat Raj System to perform functions and powers entrusted to it by the State Legislatures. The amendment provides for a three tier Panchayat Raj System at the village, intermediate and district levels. Articles 243A provides that the Gram Sabha may exercise such power and perform such functions at the village level as the Legislature of a state may be law provide. The 73rd amendment thus envisages the Gram Sabha as the foundation of Panchayat Raj System. “Gram Sabha” means a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level. In the Panchayat Raj System Gram Sabha is the only permanent unit. Duration of Panchayat i.e. Mukhiyas and other members of Panchayat continue for 5 years only from the date appointed for the first meeting, but the villagers do not change. Empowerment of Gram Sabha means strengthening of the Panchayat Raj Institution (PRIs). Success or failure of this system depends upon the strength of the Gram Sabha. The eleventh scheduled of the constitution created by the 73rd Amendment contains 29 subjects on which the Panchayats shall have administrative Control, Articles 243H empowers State Legislature to make by law provision for imposing taxes etc. by the panchayat. Obviously these panchayats before imposing any levy or tax in the village would be required to get clearance from the respective Gram Sabha. Drafting and implementation of development plans for the uplift of the villages would be vetted and monitored by the _______ ______ _____ __________ _________ _____ _____ ____ _________ ___ ________.
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