Discuss the biochemical functions and deficiency disease associated with following vitamins:
(i) Vitamin B1
(ii) Niacin
(iii) Vitamin D
(iv) Vitamin K
(v) Vitamin A
(i) Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
- Biochemical Functions: Acts as a coenzyme (thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP) in carbohydrate metabolism, particularly in the pyruvate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes. Essential for energy production via the Krebs cycle and pentose phosphate pathway.
- Deficiency Disease: Causes beriberi, leading to neurological and cardiovascular disorders. In alcoholics, deficiency results in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, characterized by ________ ______ _____ ___ ____ __________ ___ _______ _____ _____ ___.
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