Describe in brief various methods of assessment of body composition.

Weight, Stature, and Body Mass Index (BMI)

Body weight is the most frequently used measure of obesity. In general, persons with high body weights typically have higher amounts of body fat. A variety of scales are available for measuring weight, and these should be calibrated regularly for accurate assessments of weight. Changes in weight correspond to changes in body water, fat, and/or lean tissue. Weight also changes with age in children as they grow and in adults as they accumulate fat. However, body weight taken without other measures of body size is misleading because a person's weight is highly related to stature (i.e., tall people are generally heavier than short people). Stature is measured easily with a variety of wall-mounted equipment. Additional methods have been developed for predicting stature when it cannot be measured directly, e.g., for the handicapped or mobility impaired.

One way to overcome the lack of specificity in body weight is to use the body mass index. BMI is a descriptive index of body habitus that encompasses both the lean and the obese16 and is expressed as weight divided by stature squared (kg/m2). A significant advantage of BMI is the availability of extensive national reference data and its established relationships with levels of body fatness, morbidity, and mortality in adults.16 ______ ____ ____ _______ ___.
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