Define planning systems and social welfare from first to eighth plan.

A planning system refers to the process by which a government or organization sets goals and objectives, and then develops and implements a strategy to achieve those goals. In the context of national development, a planning system typically involves the use of economic and statistical data to analyze the current state of the country, identify areas of need and opportunity, and develop a comprehensive plan for the allocation of resources to promote economic growth and social development.

In India, the planning system is guided by the Five-Year Plans, which were first implemented in 1951. The Five-Year Plans are developed and implemented by the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog), which is an advisory body to the Government of India. The first eight Five-Year Plans are as follows:

1st Plan (1951-56): The focus of the first plan was on agriculture, irrigation, power, and transport.

2nd Plan (1956-61): The focus of the second plan was on the development of heavy industries, such as steel, heavy engineering, and capital goods.

3rd Plan (1961-66): The focus of the third plan was on the development of infrastructure and the expansion of industry.

4th Plan (1969-74): The focus of the fourth plan was on achieving self-reliance and promoting distributive justice.

5th Plan (1974-79): The focus of the fifth plan was on reducing poverty, achieving food security, and improving the quality __________ ___ ________ __________ ______ _________ _________.
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