Classify the following groups as electron donating or electron withdrawing substituents.
i) -COO
ii) -OR
iii) -C = N
iv) -COOR
i) -COO: Electron-withdrawing substituent. The carbonyl oxygen withdraws electron density through resonance and inductive effects.
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________ ___ ________ ___ _____ ____ _______ ______ ________.
_____ __________ __________ _____ _____ ______ ____ ________ _______.
________ ___ ______ ___ __________ _________ ________ __________ ___.
______ ________ _______ _________ ______.
__________ ____.
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i) 2-Position in furan is more reactive than the 3-position towards electrophilic substitution. Explain.
ii) Pyrrole is more basic than pyridine. Explain.
Explain chirality giving suitable example. How can chirality be checked using elements of symmetry? Discuss giving different elements of symmetry.
The splitting of signal of –OH proton is not observed in the NMR spectrum of an ordinary sample of commercial sample of ethanol but it is observed in NMR spectrum of pure anhydrous ethanol. Explain.
What product(s) would you expect from each of the following reactions? Write the mechanism of the reactions and also mention the reason for the relative amounts of products formation where necessary
What is hyperconjugation? Explain the relative stability of primary, secondary and tertiary carbocations using hyperconjugation ?
from butane nitrile, and
Briefly explain the following reactions:
i) Beckmann rearrangement
ii) Bouveault Blanc reduction