Briefly discuss the cause, symptoms and prevention for the spread of the following
diseases:
a. Cholera
b. Infective hepatitis

Cholera Causes

Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, is usually found in food or water contaminated by feces from a person with the infection. Common sources include:

Municipal water supplies

Ice made from municipal water

Foods and drinks sold by street vendors

Vegetables grown with water containing human wastes

Raw or undercooked fish and seafood caught in waters polluted with sewage

Cholera Symptoms

Symptoms of cholera can begin as soon as a few hours or as long as five days after infection. Often, symptoms are mild. But sometimes they are very serious. About one in 20 people infected have severe watery diarrhea accompanied by vomiting, which can quickly lead to dehydration. Although many infected people may have minimal or no symptoms, they can still contribute to spread of the infection.

Signs and symptoms of dehydration include:

Rapid heart rate

Loss of skin elasticity (the ability to return to original position quickly if pinched)

Dry mucous membranes, including the inside of the mouth, throat, nose, and eyelids

Low blood pressure

Thirst

Muscle cramps

Cholera Treatment and Prevention

Although there is a vaccine against cholera, the CDC and World Health Organization don't normally recommend it, because it may not protect up to half of the people ______ _________ __________ _________ _____ ____ _____ __________ _____ ________ ________.
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