Question
Briefly describe theories of education development. What are various issues and challenges of education development?
Answer :
Word Count : 1022
Theories of education development are:-
- Behaviorism learning theory
- Cognitive learning theory
- Constructivism learning theory
- Humanism learning theory
- Connectivism learning theory
Educational theorists, teachers, and experts believe these theories can inform successful approaches for teaching and serve as a foundation for developing lesson plans and curriculum.
| THEORY | EXPLANATION | APPLICATION |
| Behaviorism | As Simply Psychology puts it: “Behaviorism is only concerned with observable stimulus-response behaviors, as they can be studied in a systematic and observable manner.” | Learning is based on a system of routines that “drill” information into a student’s memory bank, as well as positive feedback from teachers and an educational institution itself. If students do an excellent job, they receive positive reinforcement and are signaled out for recognition. |
| Cognitivism | Learning relies on both external factors (like information or data) and the internal thought process. | Developed in the 1950s, this theory moves away from behaviorism to focus on the mind’s role in learning. According to the International Bureau of Education: “In cognitive psychology, learning is understood as the acquisition of knowledge: the learner is an information-processor who absorbs information, undertakes cognitive operations on it and stocks it in memory.” |
| Constructivism | The learner builds upon his or her previous experience and understanding to “construct” a new understanding. | “The passive view of teaching views the learner as ‘an empty vessel’ to be filled with knowledge,” explains Simply Psychology, “whereas constructivism states that learners construct meaning only through active engagement with the world (such as experiments or real-world problem solving).” |
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