Bose-Einstein condensation.

Bose-Einstein condensation refers to a phenomenon observed in a system of bosons, particles that follow Bose-Einstein statistics, when cooled to temperatures close to absolute zero. Bosons are particles with integer spin, such as photons, helium-4 atoms, or certain quasi-particles like phonons, and they exhibit quantum behavior even at macroscopic scales. 

In a system of non-interacting or weakly interacting bosons confined to a finite volume, as the temperature decreases, a significant fraction of the bosons occupies the lowest quantum energy state. This occurs because bosons do not obey the Pauli exclusion principle and can exist ______ ____ __________ _________ __________ ____ ______ ___ _________.
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