b) Explain the working of a platinum resistance thermometer with the help of a neat and labelled diagram. State the reasons for using platinum for the construction of a resistance thermometer.

Platinum Resistance Thermometer: Understanding its Operation and Advantages

A platinum resistance thermometer (PRT) is a type of temperature sensor that utilizes the principle of electrical resistance variation with temperature to measure temperature accurately. This device finds extensive applications in industries ranging from scientific research to industrial process control due to its high accuracy, stability, and reliability. Understanding its working principle and the choice of platinum for its construction elucidates its significance in temperature measurement.

Working Principle:

At the core of a platinum resistance thermometer lies the fundamental property of materials: electrical resistance changes with temperature. This property is described by the relationship:

\[ R = R_0(1 + \alpha \Delta T) \]

Where:
- \( R \) is the resistance of the platinum wire at temperature \( T \).
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