Question
An atomic system consisting of two energy levels, with population of higher energy level less than that of the lower level, is in thermal equilibrium. Show that the absorption of radiation dominates stimulated emission if radiation of appropriate frequency is introduced into the system. Comment on the consequences of this fact for laser action.
Answer :
Word Count : 377
In an atomic system with two energy levels, let the lower energy level be (E_1) and the higher energy level be (E_2), with populations (N_1) and (N_2) respectively. In thermal equilibrium, according to Boltzmann statistics, the population of the higher energy level is always less than that of the lower energy level: [ \frac{N_2}{N_1} = e^{-(E_2 - E_1)/kT} < 1 ] where ______ ________ __________ __________ ____ _____.
_________ ____ _____ ______ ________ _________ __________ _______ _________ _______ ____ ____.
_________ ___ ______ ________ _________.
____ _________ ______ ______ ___ _________ __________.
__________ ___ _______ ___ ________ ___ __________ ____ ______.
___ ___ _________ ________ ________.
_________ _____ _________ _________ _______ ______.
______ ____ _____ _________ _____ _______ _______ ____ ______ _______.
__________ ___ _______ ___ _____ _________ __________ ___.
_______ ____ ______ ____ _________ ____ _________ ___ _______ _____ _______.
__________ ______ __________ ____ __________ ___.
__________ __________ ___ ____ ____ ________ ____ ______ ____.
____ _________ ______ ___ ________ ___.
_________ ______ ________ _________ _______ ____ ___ _______ ________ ________.
______ ____ ________ ___ __________ _______.
___ ____ _______ ___ ___ ________ _________ _________.
___ _____ ____ _______ ____ ______ _______ ______.
_______ _____ __________ __________ _________ ___ ______ ________.
____ ______ ______ _____ _____ ___ __________ ____ ____ ___ ________.
________ __________ ______ ________ ______ ______ _________ _______ ___.
_________ ________ ____ ________ _______ _______ __________ ______ ___ ___ _________ _________.
_____ ________ ____ ___ __________ ______ _________ ___ __________.
_________ ______ _________ _________ _________ ______ __________ ___ _________ ___.
________ ________ __________ __________ ______ ______ _____ ____.
__________ ________ ________ _____ ___ __________ ______ ____.
_______ _________ __________ ____ _____ ___ ____ ______ _____ ____ _____ _____.
______ __________ ___ ___ ___ ______ ____ ________.
__________ _______ ___ _____ __________ ___.
______ _______ ______ ____ __________ _________ _______ _________ __________ __________.
_____ _______ ________ _________ _________ ________ __________ ______.
______ ___ ______ ________ __________ ________ ___ ____ _____ ___ ____.
_____ ________ ___ _____ ________ _____ ____.
______ _________ __________ _____ ___ __________ ____ ___ ___ __________ ___ __________.
________ _________ ___ ____ ________ _____ _________ _____.
_____ _____ ____ ________ _______ ______ ___ ___ ___ _______ ______.
_______ ______ _____ ____ ______ _____ __________ ____.
____ _______ ______ ___ ____ ______ ___.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp
In an atomic system with two energy levels, let the lower energy level be (E_1) and the higher energy level be (E_2), with populations (N_1) and (N_2) respectively. In thermal equilibrium, according to Boltzmann statistics, the population of the higher energy level is always less than that of the lower energy level: [ \frac{N_2}{N_1} = e^{-(E_2 - E_1)/kT} < 1 ] where ______ ________ __________ __________ ____ _____.
_________ ____ _____ ______ ________ _________ __________ _______ _________ _______ ____ ____.
_________ ___ ______ ________ _________.
____ _________ ______ ______ ___ _________ __________.
__________ ___ _______ ___ ________ ___ __________ ____ ______.
___ ___ _________ ________ ________.
_________ _____ _________ _________ _______ ______.
______ ____ _____ _________ _____ _______ _______ ____ ______ _______.
__________ ___ _______ ___ _____ _________ __________ ___.
_______ ____ ______ ____ _________ ____ _________ ___ _______ _____ _______.
__________ ______ __________ ____ __________ ___.
__________ __________ ___ ____ ____ ________ ____ ______ ____.
____ _________ ______ ___ ________ ___.
_________ ______ ________ _________ _______ ____ ___ _______ ________ ________.
______ ____ ________ ___ __________ _______.
___ ____ _______ ___ ___ ________ _________ _________.
___ _____ ____ _______ ____ ______ _______ ______.
_______ _____ __________ __________ _________ ___ ______ ________.
____ ______ ______ _____ _____ ___ __________ ____ ____ ___ ________.
________ __________ ______ ________ ______ ______ _________ _______ ___.
_________ ________ ____ ________ _______ _______ __________ ______ ___ ___ _________ _________.
_____ ________ ____ ___ __________ ______ _________ ___ __________.
_________ ______ _________ _________ _________ ______ __________ ___ _________ ___.
________ ________ __________ __________ ______ ______ _____ ____.
__________ ________ ________ _____ ___ __________ ______ ____.
_______ _________ __________ ____ _____ ___ ____ ______ _____ ____ _____ _____.
______ __________ ___ ___ ___ ______ ____ ________.
__________ _______ ___ _____ __________ ___.
______ _______ ______ ____ __________ _________ _______ _________ __________ __________.
_____ _______ ________ _________ _________ ________ __________ ______.
______ ___ ______ ________ __________ ________ ___ ____ _____ ___ ____.
_____ ________ ___ _____ ________ _____ ____.
______ _________ __________ _____ ___ __________ ____ ___ ___ __________ ___ __________.
________ _________ ___ ____ ________ _____ _________ _____.
_____ _____ ____ ________ _______ ______ ___ ___ ___ _______ ______.
_______ ______ _____ ____ ______ _____ __________ ____.
____ _______ ______ ___ ____ ______ ___.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp
IGNOU NEWS
Assignment Submission Last Date Extended Till 30 June 2026 Click Here★★★IGNOU June 2026 TEE Date Sheet Released Click Here★★★