Word Count : 377

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In an atomic system with two energy levels, let the lower energy level be (E_1) and the higher energy level be (E_2), with populations (N_1) and (N_2) respectively. In thermal equilibrium, according to Boltzmann statistics, the population of the higher energy level is always less than that of the lower energy level: [ \frac{N_2}{N_1} = e^{-(E_2 - E_1)/kT} < 1 ] where (k) is Boltzmann’s constant and (T) is the absolute temperature. This inequality implies ___ ______ ________ __________ ________ ___.
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