A binary image contains straight lines oriented horizontally, vertically, at 45°, and at - 45°. Give a set of 3 x 3 masks that can be used to detect 1-pixel breaks in these lines. Assume that the intensities of the lines and background are 1 and 0, respectively.
In image processing, detecting breaks in straight lines in binary images can be achieved using convolutional masks. To detect 1-pixel breaks in lines oriented horizontally, vertically, at 45°, and at -45°, we can use a set of 3x3 masks specifically designed for each orientation. ________ ___ _____ __________ ___ ______ _________.
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Write an expression for 2-D continuous convolution.
Find an expression for the signature of each of the following boundaries, and plot the signatures.
i) An equilateral triangle
ii) A rectangle
iii) An ellipse
The white bars in the test pattern shown are 7 pixels wide and 210 pixels high. The separation between bars is 17 pixels. What would this image look like after application of
i) A 3×3 arithmetic mean filter?
ii) A 7x7 arithmetic mean filter?
iii) A 9×9 arithmetic mean filter?
Explain how the MPP algorithm behaves under the following conditions: b
i) 1-pixel wide, 1-pixel deep indentations.
ii) 1-pixel wide, 2-or- more pixel deep indentations.
iii) 1-pixel wide, 1-pixel longprotrusions.
iv) 1-pixel wide, n-pixel long protrusions.
Prove that both 2-D continuous and discrete Fourier transforms are linear operations.
What do you understand by the term "Entropy" in context of any digital image? Calculate the entropy for the symbols, where probability distribution is given below:
| Symbol | Probability |
| 1 | 0.4 |
| 2 | 0.3 |
| 3 | 0.1 |
| 4 | 0.1 |
| 5 | 0.1 |
The arithmetic decoding process is the reverse of the encoding procedure. Decode the message 0.23355 given the coding model.
| Symbol | Probability |
| a | 0.2 |
| e | 0.3 |
| i | 0.1 |
| o | 0.2 |
| u | 0.1 |
| ! | 0.1 |