Apply Prewitt operators and Sobel operators for the image given below:
To apply Prewitt and Sobel operators numerically, we use their standard convolution kernels for edge detection. These operators compute gradients in the \( x \)-direction (\( G_x \)) and \( y \)-direction (\( G_y \)). ### 1. Prewitt Operator The Prewitt operator uses the following convolution kernels: \[ G_x = \begin{bmatrix} -1 & 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 & 1 \\ -1 & 0 & 1 __________ ______ __________ _______ _______ ________ __________ ________ ______.
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An automobile manufacturer is automating the placement of certain components on the bumpers of a limited-edition line of sports cars. The components are colour coordinated, so the robots need to know the colour of each car in order to select the appropriate bumper component. Models come in only four colours: blue, green, red, and white. Find a solution based on imaging and determine the colour of each car, keeping in mind that cost is the most important consideration.
Write an expression for 2-D continuous convolution.
What do you understand by the term "Entropy" in context of any digital image? Calculate the entropy for the symbols, where probability distribution is given below:
| Symbol | Probability |
| 1 | 0.4 |
| 2 | 0.3 |
| 3 | 0.1 |
| 4 | 0.1 |
| 5 | 0.1 |
Consider a linear, position-invariant image degradation system with impulse response
Supose that the input to the system is an image cosnsiting of a line of infinitesimal width located at x = a, and modeled by f(x, y) = 8(x-a), where 8 is an impulse. Assuming no noise, what is the output image g(x, y)?
Two images, f (x,y) and g (x,y), have histograms he and hg. Give the condition under which you can determine the histograms of
i) f(x,y)+g(x, y)
ii) f(x,y)-g(x,y)
iii) f(x, y)xg(x, y)
iv) f(x,y)+g(x,y)
A binary image contains straight lines oriented horizontally, vertically, at 45°, and at - 45°. Give a set of 3 x 3 masks that can be used to detect 1-pixel breaks in these lines. Assume that the intensities of the lines and background are 1 and 0, respectively.
The arithmetic decoding process is the reverse of the encoding procedure. Decode the message 0.23355 given the coding model.
| Symbol | Probability |
| a | 0.2 |
| e | 0.3 |
| i | 0.1 |
| o | 0.2 |
| u | 0.1 |
| ! | 0.1 |