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Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. They serve as energy storage molecules and structural components in plants and animals. The storage polysaccharides in plants and animals are primarily starch and glycogen, respectively, though they have distinct structures and functions. In plants, the primary storage polysaccharide is starch, which consists of two components: amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a linear chain of glucose molecules connected by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds, while amylopectin has a branched structure with both α-1,4 and α-1,6-glycosidic linkages. Starch is stored primarily in plastids, such as chloroplasts, and is found in various plant organs, including roots, tubers, seeds, and fruits. The structure of starch allows plants to store glucose in a compact form, which can ____ _________ ___ ____ ___ __________ ______.
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