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Women’s labour in both the organized and unorganized sectors requires the protective framework of labour legislation due to the multifaceted challenges they face in the workplace, which are rooted in historical, social, economic, and cultural inequalities. The necessity of legal protection emerges from gender-based discrimination, unequal power dynamics, lack of social security, and the pervasive risk of exploitation that women encounter in different work environments. While globalization and industrialization have created greater avenues for women’s participation in the workforce, systemic barriers continue to limit their fair and secure employment, thereby necessitating robust labour legislation. Examining the key reasons highlights the significance of ensuring gender-sensitive legal frameworks in promoting equitable and just labor practices for women. Firstly, gender-based discrimination remains a central reason for providing women with the protective shield of labour legislation. Women in both the organized and unorganized sectors are frequently subjected to wage discrimination, occupational segregation, and limited access to promotions. In the organized sector, despite existing laws on equal remuneration, women often receive lower wages than their male counterparts for the same work or work of equal value. In unorganized sectors, such as domestic work, construction, agriculture, and street vending, the problem is even more acute because wage rates are often informal, arbitrary, and heavily influenced by patriarchal norms. The protective framework of labour legislation, such as the Equal Remuneration Act and provisions under the Code on Wages in India, seeks to address this entrenched disparity by mandating equal pay and preventing gender-based discrimination in hiring and wage practices. Secondly, the high prevalence of informal and insecure employment among women necessitates legal protection. A significant proportion of women workers are engaged in the unorganized sector, where employment is characterized by a lack of written contracts, job security, or social protection measures. These sectors often escape government ___ ________ ________ ______ ______ _________ _____ _______.
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