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Research areas in Open and Distance Learning identified by national and international reviewers broadly reflect the evolving pedagogical, technological, managerial, and policy-related concerns of the field. National reviewers, particularly in developing countries, often emphasize access, equity, learner support systems, curriculum design, and the effectiveness of distance education in addressing socio-economic and regional disparities. Studies focus on learner characteristics, dropout and retention, instructional design of self-learning materials, assessment practices, and the role of regional centres and study centres. Management-related research areas include planning, governance, quality assurance, faculty roles, cost-effectiveness, and the integration of distance education within national higher ___ ________ _______ ______ __________ _____ __________ __________ ________ ___.
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