Rewrite the following sentence in the passive voice.

(i) I have clarified my stand long back.

(ii) The terrorists are killing innocent people.

(iii) The invigilator did not allow the candidates to leave the examination hall early.

(iv) The vice chairman is going to preside over the meeting.

(v) Ten foreign delegates attended the conference.

Mark the stressed syllables in the following words

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

Background information: Concept of Business Communication

If the communication is related to the business activities, it is called Business communication, i.e. when two or more parties communicate in relation to the business affairs, it is termed as the business communication. The concept of business communication is not just a message or a conversation, instead its connotations extend beyond it and covers many aspects. It is a complex thing and in simple words it is the lifeline of an organization. In fact, it covers almost everything in the workplace, communication among individuals and teams, planning of any activity, implementation of the strategy and reporting of the success. Unlike personal communication, business communication always has an end goal.

Business communication can be defined "as a process in which business-related ideas, plans, strategies, messages, etc. are exchanged among different stake holders, namely manufacturers, suppliers, retailers, buyers and government agencies, etc." Effective and speedy business communication is imperative for the success of an enterprise. Thus "any exchange of information concerning business between two or more stakeholders is business communication".

In this age of globalization and fierce competition, business communication regarding thenew products plays an important role in influencing and capturing the markets and attracting the customers. For example, if a company launches a new model of its car, it will have to adopt multi- pronged strategy to popularise its model. Each strategy will be based on extensive use of different modes of business communication. It will use visual media, such as TV for advertising it. At the same time, it will use social media, such as YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. to bring it to the notice of the consumers. On the other hand, it can send e-mails, SMS, etc. to the potential customers.

In recent times, space research is emerging a new field of not only enterprise but also of business. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is also playing a leading role in this field by launching satellites of a number of countries on commercial basis for different purposes, such as climate monitoring, communication, etc. The effective communication network is absolutely necessary in this endeavour for monitoring different stages of the launching rocket. Recently, American space research agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) sent a space craft Perseverance for exploring the surface of Mars. From these examples, you can imagine the importance of communication. The International Space Station (ISS) is a modular space station (habitable artificial satellite) in low It is a collaborative project of USA, Russia, Japan, European Union and Canada. Astronauts visit ISS and stay there for doing research. They are in constant touch with their space research organizations on Earth.

Answer the following questions:

i. Explain the concept of Business Communication.

ii. Define business communication.

iii. "Communication" is the lifeline of a business organization". Elaborate.

iv. Write antonyms for Imperative & Endeavour

You are a group of 5 friends, interested in visiting Nepal. You have seen an advertisement of XYZ Travels on the web. Write an email to them to enquire about a one-week trip to Nepal. Ask about the following:

• Place you should visit
• Accommodation
• Organization of sightseeing
• Total cost per head

Your grandfather is flying in from Sharjah this afternoon and you need to leave early to pick him up from the airport. Ask permission from your boss.

 A friend says to you 'You look so tired". Give reasons to your friend.

Frame question to which the following may be answers.

(i) My father was a CA.

(ii) The company made a profit of 20 crores in the last year.

iii) I am going to Lucknow in the summer holidays. (Begin with' Were

(iv) He took twenty days' leave last year. (Begin with' How

(v) No, I have never been abroad.

Fill the gaps with in, on or at.

i. There's a ticket machine ______________ the entrance to the metro station.

ii. South Extension tube station is _______________ the Pink Line of Delhi Metro.

iii. Delhi Metro Fares are calculated based _________________ the origin and destination stations using a fare chart.

iv. Refundable deposit of ₹25 must be paid ______________ the time of purchasing the card.

v. Pradeep found a Norwegian flag _______________ the South Pole.