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Agrobiodiversity, or agricultural biodiversity, plays a critical role in shaping the relationship between climate change and food security. As climate change alters ecosystems, disrupts weather patterns, and increases the frequency of extreme events, the diversity of crops, livestock, soil organisms, and farming practices becomes an essential buffer against food insecurity. Agrobiodiversity encompasses genetic diversity within species, species diversity within farms and landscapes, and ecosystem diversity across agricultural regions. Its significance lies in providing resilience, ensuring productivity under changing environmental conditions, and supporting the stability of food systems globally. Understanding the role of agrobiodiversity in the climate change-food security nexus is therefore vital for developing adaptive strategies that ensure sustainable and nutritious food for current and future generations. Climate change poses a substantial threat to agricultural production through rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, increasing pest and disease prevalence, and greater incidence of droughts, floods, and cyclones. These changes reduce yields, disrupt planting and harvesting schedules, and threaten the viability of monoculture systems that dominate modern agriculture. In such contexts, agrobiodiversity provides a natural insurance mechanism. Genetic diversity within crops ensures that some varieties are more tolerant to heat stress, drought, salinity, or flooding, enabling farmers to sustain production even under adverse conditions. For instance, drought-tolerant maize varieties and salt-tolerant rice varieties have been instrumental in maintaining yields in regions ________ _____ ___ ____ ____.
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