Explain endosymbiont theory.

The endosymbiont theory is a widely accepted concept in biology that explains the origin of certain organelles in eukaryotic cells, particularly mitochondria and plastids, such as chloroplasts. The theory proposes that these organelles were once free-living prokaryotic organisms, which entered into a symbiotic relationship with a host cell. Over time, these prokaryotes became an integral part of the host cell, evolving into the organelles we see today.

The endosymbiont theory was first proposed by American biologist Lynn Margulis in the 1960s. Margulis suggested that mitochondria and chloroplasts share significant similarities with certain types of prokaryotes, specifically aerobic bacteria and cyanobacteria, respectively. According to the theory, these prokaryotes were engulfed by a larger host cell, likely an ancestral eukaryote, and instead of being digested or destroyed, they formed a mutually beneficial relationship with the ______ ______ _________ ______ __________ ____ ___ ____ _______.
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