Differentiate between generalised and specialized transducti

Question

Differentiate between generalised and specialized transduction.

10 Feb 2025

Answer :

Word Count : 601

Transduction is a method of genetic exchange in bacteria where bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) transfer genetic material from one bacterial cell to another. It plays a crucial role in horizontal gene transfer, impacting bacterial evolution, genetic diversity, and antibiotic resistance. There are two main types of transduction: generalized and specialized transduction. These differ in mechanisms, the type of genetic material transferred, and the bacterial genes involved.

Generalized Transduction:
Generalized transduction occurs when a lytic bacteriophage infects a bacterial cell and mistakenly packages random fragments of bacterial DNA into newly formed viral particles. These phages, called transducing particles, lack viral DNA but can inject the bacterial DNA into a new host. Once inside the recipient cell, the donor bacterial DNA may integrate into the genome through homologous recombination or persist as a plasmid.

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