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After India gained independence in 1947, the new government recognized that the health of its population, particularly in rural areas where a majority of people lived, was a critical determinant of national development. The country inherited a weak healthcare system, largely concentrated in urban areas, with limited access for rural populations, high rates of communicable diseases, and poor maternal and child health indicators. To address these challenges, India gradually developed a series of health policies and programs aimed at improving public health, strengthening healthcare infrastructure, and promoting equitable access to medical services. The first significant policy framework emerged in 1946, just before independence, with the Bhore Committee Report. Although technically pre-independence, its recommendations shaped post-independence health policy. The report emphasized the need for a comprehensive healthcare system that integrated preventive, promotive, and curative services and proposed the establishment of primary health centers (PHCs) in rural areas to ensure minimum health services for every village. The philosophy was to provide accessible and affordable healthcare, with a strong focus on rural populations who had been largely neglected under colonial rule. The first official National Health __________ _________ _________ ____ ______.
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