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The colonial administration in North East India was shaped by unique geographical, ethnographic, and strategic considerations. The region, comprising present-day states such as Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Tripura, and parts of Sikkim, was treated differently by the British compared to the rest of colonial India. The political structure and administrative strategies adopted in North East India during the colonial period were rooted in the broader colonial objective of resource extraction, political control, and strategic consolidation. The colonial engagement with the North East began in the early 19th century with the annexation of Assam after the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826) and the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826. This marked the beginning of British political penetration into the region, and over the following decades, various tribal and hill areas were gradually brought under British influence through a mix of military expeditions, treaties, and administrative arrangements. The following aspects were central to the colonial administration in the region: 1. Frontier Policy and Segregation of Tribes: One of the most defining features of British policy in North East India was the frontier policy, which categorized regions into various administrative zones such as “Excluded Areas” and “Partially Excluded Areas.” These classifications, later formalized under the Government of India Act, 1935, were aimed at isolating the tribal communities from the mainstream administration. The “Excluded Areas” were those where the ordinary laws of British India did not apply, _______ ____ _______ ______ _________ _____ ___ __________ ________ ___ ______ _________.
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