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Gender inequality refers to the unequal distribution of opportunities, rights, responsibilities, and resources between men and women and among people of different gender identities. Various theories have been developed to explain the causes, persistence, and consequences of gender inequality. These theories provide different perspectives on how gender roles are constructed, maintained, and transformed within society. Understanding these theories is essential in the field of Gender and Development because they guide policies and interventions aimed at achieving gender justice and social equality. The biological theory argues that gender differences arise primarily from biological and physiological characteristics. According to this perspective, men and women have naturally different abilities, behaviors, and social roles because of genetic makeup, reproductive functions, and hormonal differences. Traditional societies often used this theory to justify the division of labor, assigning men to public and economic activities while women were expected to perform domestic and ________ __________ _________ ________ ____ ____ ___ _________ _________.
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