'संसद में अनुवाद' विषय पर विस्तृत टिप्पणी लिखिए।

निम्नलिखित अभिव्यक्तियों के हिंदी पर्याय लिखिए :

1. according to convenience

2. ban on future promotion

3. checked and found correct

4. day to day administrative work

5. explanation may be called for

6. governed by rules

7. his request is in order

8. in the prescribed manner

9. matter is under consideration

10. please comply before due date

पर्यटन साहित्य-अनुवादक में अपेक्षित गुण

निम्नलिखित अनुच्छेदों का हिंदी में अनुवाद कीजिएः

(A) The Constitution is not merely a lifeless book. It is a dynamic process. It deals with functioning institutions and it comes to have meaning only from how it is operated and by whom it is operated. The citizens are concerned with the Constitution as it affects their lives as it governs them. While a document is an inert lifeless thing the Constitution is a living dynamic reality. It is always developing. The Constitution of India was developing and taking shape even before independence and it continued to be made even after independence in 1947 or even after 26 January 1950. In the

Constitution of India there are eleven duties mentioned as Fundamental Duties of every citizen. The very first duty of every citizen is to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions. But, how many citizens of India, even among the educated, know, firstly that there is a separate part devoted to fundamental duties? We all know about fundamental rights and seek them all the time. But majority of us do not know that there are fundamental duties of citizens also. Secondly how many of us know the Constitution

¼B½ Retail sector in India is the one of the more prominent sectors contributing to over 10% of GDP besides being the second largest contributing to over 8% of employment generated in the country. Although the retail sector in India is highly fragmented into large, organized retailers and small medium retailers, it employs a vast workforce of more than 40 million people. According to a report by Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), a cohesive National Retail Policy can help in generating more than 3 million jobs by the year 2024. Retail is a people-intensive industry that is greatly driven by the attitudes of customers; thus, most companies seek to develop skilled human resource as other resources can be replicated or standardized in today’s competitive market, ensuring that the demand for skilled manpower remains strong in the industry. Over the past decade, a steady growth in retail which is set to cross the $1.75 trillion mark by 2026 from $795 billion in 2017 and E-commerce which is set to be worth $200 billion by 2026 from $30 billion in 2019 at 30% other sectors has opened a huge gateway for employment opportunities for youth as consumption of retail goods and services is projected to increase in the years to come.

(C) The government has given itself a 90-day breather to implement transparency provisions under the Lokpal law and has set September 15 as the deadline for government servants to file their assets and liabilities declaration. Under the Lokpal law, all government servants irrespective of their rank will have to declare their assets and liabilities every year. The assets declarations for central government employees will be put in public domain.

Government sources said orders were issued for giving officials some more time since conduct rules for different services and ranks were yet to be finalized in the light of the suggestions received from various cadre controlling authorities. On its part, the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT) has laid down the process and finalized the ground rules to be followed by public servants in this regard. The Lokpal and Lokayukta Act 2013 had made it mandatory for every public servant to make the annual declaration and not just senior officials, as required under existing provisions.

Under rules notified by DoPT last week, the competent authority would have discretion to exempt public servants from declaring assets valued at less than four months’ basic salary or Rs. 2 lakhs. Government officials said the exemption clause had been incorporated so that the exercise to improve transparency did not end up harassing public servants. The DoPT also has adapted declaration forms for assets and liabilities filed by candidates in Lok Sabha and assembly elections to enlarge the scope of the forms.

‘The original version of the forms left room for officials to provide vague information or skip certain information. This would not be possible in the new formats,’ a government official said, pointing to provisions that require officials to declare the weight and value of jewellery owned by them, spouse and dependents. The practice of government officials declaring their assets – and information about their immovable assets being made public – is only a couple of years old.

'प्रशासनिक क्षेत्र में अनुवाद की आवश्यकता एवं स्थिति' पर निबंध लिखिए।

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के हिंदी पर्याय बताइए :

(1) quasi-permanent, (2) relief and rehabilitation, (3) security deposit, (4) standing order, (5) travelling allowance bill, (6) utilization certificate, (7) verbal agreement, (8) underground rail, (9) inspection certificate (10) rural works programme (11) advance copy, (12) budget grant, (13) drawing and disbursing, (14) dispatch register, (15) introductory lecture, (16) informal education, (17) joint resolution, (18) polling station, (19) notification (20) fiscal policy.

.निम्नलिखित का अंग्रेजी में अनुवाद कीजिए :

आज का युवा शिक्षा ग्रहण करने के साथ-साथ एक मानसिकता तैयार कर लेता है कि उसे नौकरी करनी है और उसे मालिक नहीं नौकर बनना है। इस मानसिकता के कारण उसे सदैव परेशानियों का सामना करना पड़ता है क्योंकि आज के दौर में बढ़ती हुई आबादी के अनुसार नौकरियाँ सीमित हैं। इसलिए जरूरी है कि युवाओं में शिक्षा के साथ-साथ कौशल का विकास भी किया जाए जिससे आज का युवा-वर्ग स्व-रोजगार को अपनाकर न केवल स्वयं स्वावलंबी बनें बल्कि और चार साथियों को भी रोजगार देने में सक्षम हों।

आज के दौर में युवाओं को यह सोच अवश्य विकसित करनी चाहिए कि जब वे स्वयं मालिक

बनेंगे तो दस और लोगों को रोजगार देने में सक्षम हो सकेंगे। इस सोच के साथ शिक्षा सहित

स्व-रोजगार की ओर ध्यान देना, आज के समय की मांग है। इसलिए युवाओं को स्व-रोजगार

अपनाने के लिए कौशल विकास केंद्र तथा अन्य ऐसे केंद्र, जो तकनीकी तौर पर उन्हें स्वावलंबी

तथा हाथ के हुनर में सक्षम करें, की सहायता लें और स्व-रोजगार को अपनाकर खुद के

साथ-साथ अपने आसपास रह रहे युवाओं को भी स्वावलंबी बनाने का कार्य करें।

स्वावलंबन के लिए अनेक ऐसे क्षेत्र हैं जिनमें रुचि के अनुसार कौशल प्राप्त कर अपने जीवन को सरल एवं सुखद बनाया जा सकता है। स्व-रोजगार के लिए जब शुरू की है तो ध्यान कौशल विकास केंद्रों में दी जाने वाली शिक्षा पर भी अवश्य जाना चाहिए।