Explain the meaning of curriculum planning. Describe the various principles of curriculum planning.

Compare GC-MS and LC-MS and LC-MS with reference to the sample types and the solvents used.

What are the two types of ion sources used in mass spectrometry? Explain these sources.

List the limitations of 1D NMR spectroscopy. How does 2D NMR help in fulfilling the limitations?

What is DEPT in 13C NMR spectroscopy? Describe the features of its various types.

Describe the principle of FT-NMR spectroscopy. Explain how is this spectroscopy advantageous over the CW-NMR spectroscopy.

List the characteristics of atomisation-excitation source in atomic emission spectrometry. Name the three types of plasma sources.

What are the two aspects in which fluorimetry differs from phosphorimetry? Describe the aspects.

How does FTIR differ from traditional dispersive IR spectrometry? Write any four advantages of the FTIR spectrometry.

What are the advantages of UV-Vis spectrometry for quantitative determinations? Write the steps involved in the quantitative determinations using this technique.

Explain the nature of absorption spectra for the transition and inner transition elements by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Also specify the reasons of difference between the two.

 Discuss the applications of membrane separations in

(i) water treatment

(ii) production of table salt

Describe the unique features of size exclusion chromatography.

Discuss the use of hydrous oxides of polyvalent metals as synthetic ion exchangers giving suitable examples.

Draw a schematic diagram of an HPLC instrument and also list the components.

Give a brief account of various injection systems used in gas chromatography.

Give any five comparisons between PC and TLC.

What are the characteristics of stationary phases used in liquid-solid chromatography? Discuss various types of adsorbents used.

Giving suitable examples, discuss the role of masking agents in extractions.

Briefly discuss the extraction of metal ions using crown ethers.