Explain the seven primitive unit cells in crystals. Give suitable diagrams.

With suitable diagrams, explain the plane of symmetry in a cubic system.

 At 298 K, the limiting molar ionic conductivities of K⁺ and Cl⁻ ions are 73.5 and 76.3 S cm² mol⁻¹ respectively. Calculate:

(a) the transport number of K⁺ ions, and

(b) the transport number of Cl⁻ ions.

What is meant by total attractive interaction energy in molecules? Explain the factors that influence its magnitude.

Calculate the pressure of 3.000 mol of methane at 298.2 K using the other data from the above illustration and assuming that it obeys van der Waals equation. Also calculate its value, if methane were to behave ideally at 298.2 K.

a) How many molecules of oxygen are present in 0.0032 kg of the gas?

b) Calculate the temperature at which the root mean square velocity, the average velocity and the most probable velocity of the oxygen gas are all equal to .

 With the help of suitable diagrams explain the typical conductometric titration curves for the following:

a) Strong acid with a strong base

b) Strong acid with a weak base

c) Precipitation titration

 From the following data, calculate the molar conductivity of NaCl in aqueous solution:

Conductivity of 4.0 × 10^-4 mol dm^-3 NaCl solution = 6.20 × 10^-3 S m⁻¹

Conductivity of the water = 0.05 × 10^-3 S m⁻¹.

From the following data, calculate the molar conductivity of NaCl in aqueous solution:

 Explain the method of pH metric titrations. Draw the different types of pH titration curves and show how equivalence points can be found from them

 A mixture of CaO and CaCO3 is analysed by TGA. The result indicates that mass of the sample decreases from 320.8 mg to 230.6 mg only between 650°C and 850°C. Calculate the percentage of calcium carbonate in the mixture.

 What are the different types of ion exchangers? Give examples of a strong cation exchanger and a strong anion exchanger alongwith their specific functional groups.

How does surface area of the stationary phase affect the separation in coloumn chromatography? What should be the sample to absorbent ratio so that clear separations are obtained?

 With the help of a suitable diagram explain development of chromatogram along with the use of standard samples.

 Give the advantages of using continuous extraction?

 With the help of suitable equations explain the method solvent extraction with Diphenythiocarbazone.

 Give the mechanism of extraction by solvation.

With the help of suitable examples differentiate between the terms-distribution coefficient and distribution ratio.

Give the differences between t-test and F-test with the help of suitable examples.

A sample was analyzed for desired constituent having 3.67 g as the true value. The results of three measurements were 3.70 g, 3.74 g, and 3.77 g. Find the error of the mean (mean error), the percent relative error and the relative accuracy of the mean of the measurements.