Describe briefly about hybrid nanopores. What advantages do they have over other nanopore sequencing methods?

What are microarrays? Explain their applications.

What are immunoassay techniques? Explain the working of enzyme immunoassays.

How does the TLC work? Explain its applications.

Describe various methods employed in air sampling? Explain.

Write the Fermi-age critical equation for a bare reactor based on continuous slowing down model. Reduce it to two- group critical equation for large assemblies (for small values of 2 B2g ).

Write two-group criticality condition for a bare homogeneous reactor. Using this equation, show that the six factor criticality condition for two group theory is given by n^f p pf p_^t =1.symbols have their usual meanings.

The scattering cross-section of Carbon at 1 eV is 4.8 barn. Estimate the diffusion coefficient of Carbon. Assume that a is almost negligible.

For an arbitrary volume V of material in which one speed neutrons interacts with medium nuclei, if n(r,t)  is the neutron density at r  and at time t , obtain the equation of continuity. Also, obtain equation for steady state.

Discuss the initial, boundary and source conditions

Using spherical harmonics method for a non- multiplying 1-D plane geometry, write the exact infinite coupled equations. Hence for a large non-absorbing system, obtain equations under P1 approximation. Discuss the limitations of P_N approximation

Write the basic assumptions made to derive the transport equation. Hence, derive the Boltzmann transport equation for a multiplying system in terms of neutron flux.

Define angular neutron flux and angular current density. The neutron flux at a particular location in a reactor core is  1x10¹⁴ neutrons cm^{- 2}s^-1What is the average density (in neutrons cm^-3 ) 3 in of the thermal neutrons at the same location in the core?

If a 10 MeV neutron is collided with 238 U nuclide, compare the average energy loss of neuron if they undergo a) inelastic scattering and b) elastic scattering.

Derive an expression of average logarithmic energy decrement per collision (). Hence, show that for large mass number, it is independent of energy. Using this formula, plot average logarithmic energy decrement for different nuclides of mass number A.

A 2.6 MeV neutron collides with hydrogen. Calculate the probability that the energy of neutron is within the energy range 0.63 and 0.75 MeV after collision? If a neutron loses 0.75 MeV in LAB system, what is the scattering angle in the CM system?

Define LAB and CM coordinate frames of reference used to study the kinematics of two- body collision. Obtain an expression of kinetic energy of a neutron after collision in the LAB system.

Discuss the concept of breeding and doubling time and describe how abundant fertile actinides could be converted to excellent fissile actinides.

i) What is the difference between slowing down density and flux of neutrons? 

ii) If the reference neutron energy is 10 MeV, calculate the lethargy at 200 keV, and 0.025 eV?

The average number of neutrons produced per fission is 2.5. What would happen in a second, if every neutron released in fission causes another fission? Assume a generation time of 0.1 second.