Write the mechanism of the following reactions:
a) Reimer-Tiemann reaction
b) Sandmeyer reaction
c) Bromination of 1-propene with N-Bromosuccinimide
d) Oxidation of 1,2- diols with lead tetra-acetate
Here is the mechanism for each of the reactions you mentioned: a) Reimer-Tiemann Reaction: The Reimer-Tiemann reaction is used to convert phenols into ortho- or para-hydroxybenzaldehydes. The mechanism involves the following steps: 1. Generation of the Electrophile: In the presence of an alkali (such as NaOH), chloroform (CHCl₃) undergoes deprotonation to form a dichlorocarbene (CCl₂). 2. Attack of Dichlorocarbene on Phenol: The electrophilic CCl₂ species attacks the benzene ring, typically at the ortho or para position relative to the hydroxyl group. 3. Formation of the Intermediate: This results in the __________ ________ _____ ___ _______ _______ ____ _____.
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Show how you could synthesise the following compounds using acetoacetic ester/ malonic ester
Starting with aniline how would you prepare p-nitroaniline?
How will you convert benzene to the following?
i) Ethyl phenyl ketone
ii) p- Bromobenzyl bromide
Explain how is NMR spectroscopic study involved in predicting aromaticity of a compound. Why don’t aromatic compounds usually undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions?
Discuss the reaction of carbenes with trans-2 butane and cis-2-butene. Why is the stereospecificity of these reactions lost when these reactions are carried out in the presence of an inert gas?
i) Aromatic aldehydes are less reactive than aliphatic aldehydes towards nucleophilic addition reactions. ii) For aldol condensation aldehyde must contain α-hydrogen.
iii) Crossed claisen condensation in not of synthetic importance.
Give the mechanism of Perkin condensation.