Write short notes on:

a) Radiation hazards

b) Biological hazards

Radiation Hazards:

Radiation hazards refer to the potential harm caused by exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. This form of energy can be emitted from various sources and has the potential to damage living tissues. Understanding and mitigating radiation hazards are crucial for both environmental and occupational health.

a) Ionizing Radiation:
   - Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, leading to ionization. Sources of ionizing radiation include X-rays, gamma rays, and certain types of particles.
   - Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation is common in industries such as nuclear power, healthcare (radiography and radiation therapy), and research laboratories.
   - Health risks associated with ionizing radiation exposure include damage to DNA, which may lead __________ _____ _________ ______ ____ ___ _________ _____ _________.
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