Write down main functions of the Operating System. Write down the advantages and disadvantages of Batch Operating System.

An operating system (OS) is a fundamental software that manages hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. It serves as an interface between the computer hardware and the end user, enabling the user to interact with the system and run various applications efficiently. The main functions of an operating system include:

1. Process Management: The operating system is responsible for managing processes in the system. A process is a program in execution, and the OS ensures that each process gets the necessary resources (CPU time, memory, etc.). It handles process scheduling, multitasking, process synchronization, and inter-process communication.

2. Memory Management: The OS manages the computer’s memory (RAM). It keeps track of each memory location, allocates memory to processes, and ensures that each process has sufficient memory to operate without interfering with others. It also handles memory paging and segmentation ____ ______ ________ ____ _____ ___ ___.
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