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Knowledge has traditionally been understood as a special kind of belief that satisfies certain conditions distinguishing it from mere opinion or guesswork. One of the most influential analyses in epistemology is the theory that knowledge is Justified True Belief (JTB). This conception, rooted in the works of Plato and developed by later philosophers, remained the dominant account of knowledge for centuries. According to this theory, a person knows a proposition if and only if the proposition is true, the person believes it, and the person is justified in believing it. Although the JTB theory appears intuitive and logically appealing, twentieth-century philosophical debates, particularly after Edmund Gettier's famous paper in 1963, raised serious doubts about its adequacy. The JTB analysis consists of three necessary conditions. The first condition is belief. Knowledge requires that the subject actually believes the proposition in question. If someone does not believe that it is raining outside, it would be inappropriate to say that the person knows it is raining, even if it is in fact raining. Belief is therefore considered an indispensable psychological component of knowledge. Knowledge cannot exist independently of the knower's acceptance of the proposition. The second condition is truth. A proposition must be true to qualify as knowledge. False beliefs, no matter how sincerely held or well-supported, cannot count as knowledge. For example, if someone believes that Delhi is the capital of India, the belief qualifies for knowledge ____ ___ _________ ________ ______ ___ ______ _____ ___ _______ ___.
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