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Metal carbonyls are compounds in which carbon monoxide (CO) molecules are coordinated to a transition metal through metal–carbon bonds. The bonding in metal carbonyls is explained by the concept of synergic bonding, which involves two complementary interactions: σ-donation from carbon monoxide to the metal and π-back donation from the metal to carbon monoxide. These two interactions reinforce each other and produce a strong metal–CO bond. CO has a carbon atom with a lone pair of electrons present in a filled molecular orbital. This orbital is directed along the internuclear axis and can donate ___ _____ _____ ____ ____ ____.
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