With the help of a suitable example, describe the “member”

Question

With the help of a suitable example, describe the “member” function of PROLOG. How it can be used for searching of a data in a list, recursively.

16 Sep 2022

Answer :

Word Count : 1128

In PROLOG, the "member" function is a built-in predicate that checks whether an element is a member of a given list or not. The syntax of the member function is as follows:

member(X, [X | _]).
member(X, [_ | T]) :- member(X, T).
The member function takes two arguments. The first argument, X, is the element we want to search for in the list. The second argument is the list that we want to search in. If X is a member of the list, the member function will return true, and if X is not a member of the list, the member function will return false.

Let's take an example to understand the working of the member function in PROLOG. Suppose we have a list of numbers, and we want to check whether a particular number is a member of that list or not. We can use the member function in PROLOG to achieve this.

Consider the following PROLOG code:

member(X, [X | _]).
member(X, [_ | T]) :- member(X, T).

% list of numbers
numbers([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]).

% check if 4 is a member of the list of numbers
?- numbers(List), member(4, List).
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