Where does the absorption of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids take place in the vertebrate body? Describe the method of glucose absorption.

Some herbivores like cows, sheep, goats, buffaloes and deer, posses a complex fore-stomach (rumen, reticulum and omasum) populated by micro-organisms. This is a symbiotic relationship since the bacteria and protozoa inhabiting the rumen posses the enzymes necessary to ferment and break down cellulose, liberating volatile fatty acids fore absorption directly through the rumen wall and used as an energy source by the host. The micro-organisms also synthesize nutrients into their own tissues and, as their population increases, large numbers are flushed into the true stomach (abomasum) and intestines for digestion by the animal. Alternately, complex or protected proteins, peptides and even some carbohydrates may by-pass the rumen and escape fermentation. These pass directly into the abomasum and intestines to release nutrients through conventional mammalian digestion-absorption processes. Species with this modification are ruminants and can obtain all essential nutrients from plant cellulose. Non-ruminant herbivores such as equines, cameloids and rabbits can _____ ______ _____ _________ ________ ___ ______ _____ __________ ______.
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