When does ionisation of an atom of a transition element take place? Which electrons are removed first and why? Explain with suitable examples.

The ionization of an atom of a transition element occurs when it loses electrons, transitioning from a neutral state to a positively charged ion. Transition elements have multiple oxidation states due to the presence of incompletely filled d-orbitals in their valence shell. The ionization process involves removing electrons from these d-orbitals.

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