What is urbanisation? Discuss its role in transforming the urban areas in India.

Urbanization refers to the process through which rural communities evolve into urban areas, marked by the growth of cities and towns due to migration, economic development, and social change. It encompasses the increasing population density in urban areas, the expansion of urban infrastructure, and changes in land use patterns. Urbanization can be driven by several factors, including economic opportunities, better living standards, access to education and healthcare, and improved connectivity. 

According to the Census of India, the urban population has grown from about 17% in 1951 to around 34% in 2021, with projections indicating that it may reach 600 million by 2031. This rapid urbanization presents both opportunities ______ _________ ________ _________ ________ _____ _____.
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