What is the purpose of using Huffman Codes? Explain the steps of building a huffman tree. Design the Huffman codes for the following set of characters and their frequencies: a:15, e:19, s:5, d:6, f:4, g:7, h:8, t:10.

### Purpose of Huffman Codes

Huffman coding is a method used for lossless data compression. Its primary purpose is to reduce the average length of the codes assigned to characters in a file based on their frequencies. By assigning shorter codes to more frequent characters and longer codes to less frequent characters, Huffman coding achieves efficient data compression. This technique is widely used in various applications, including file compression formats like ZIP and JPEG.

### Steps to Build a Huffman Tree

1. Create a Priority Queue: Start by creating a priority queue or min-heap where each node represents a character and its frequency. The nodes are _________ __________ ________ _______ _________ __________ _________ _____ __________ _______.
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