What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data? Discuss in detail the method of data collection using questionnaire. 

Quantitative and qualitative data are two fundamental types of data used in research across various disciplines, including development studies. They differ in their nature, methodology, and analysis techniques.

Quantitative Data

Quantitative data refers to data that can be measured and expressed numerically. It is objective and structured, often used to quantify variables and determine relationships or patterns between them. This type of data is typically collected through instruments that produce numerical outputs such as surveys with fixed response options, tests, and experiments. The primary goal of quantitative data is to establish generalizable facts and trends that can be analyzed statistically.

Quantitative data is used to answer questions such as “How many?” or “How much?” For instance, in development studies, quantitative data can be used to measure indicators such as income levels, literacy rates, or access to health services. Methods of collecting quantitative data include structured surveys, experiments, and statistical data analysis. The data collected can be subjected to statistical techniques such as regression analysis, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and correlation, allowing researchers to test hypotheses, make predictions, and derive conclusions based on large sample sizes.

Qualitative Data

Qualitative data, on the other hand, is descriptive and focuses on understanding the underlying reasons, motivations, or experiences of individuals or groups. Unlike quantitative ____ _________ ____ _________ ____ _________.
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