What is meant by fluorescence quenching? Explain the mechanism responsible for the quenching?

Fluorescence quenching refers to the phenomenon where the intensity of fluorescence emitted by a fluorophore decreases due to the presence of certain quenching agents or processes. This reduction in fluorescence intensity can be utilized for various analytical purposes in spectroscopy, biochemistry, and materials science.

The mechanism responsible for fluorescence quenching involves several processes, including dynamic and static quenching:

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