What is interface? Explain difference between abstract class and interface with the help of example. Write a java program to demonstrate use of interface.

In computer science, an interface is a specification of a set of methods that a class should implement. An interface defines a contract for a class, specifying a set of methods that a class must implement in order for it to be considered as conforming to the interface. In other words, an interface defines the behavior that a class must exhibit in order to be considered as fulfilling the interface contract.

Interfaces are typically used to define common functionality that can be shared across multiple classes. This allows for the implementation of polymorphism, which means that objects of different classes can be used interchangeably as long as they implement the same interface.

Interfaces are typically defined using an interface keyword in languages such as Java and C#, or using a protocol keyword in Swift, or in other languages like C++ , C, Python, etc. They often uses "abstract class" as the way to implement interface.

Here is an example of an interface in Java:

interface Shape {
    double getArea();
}

In this example, any class that implements the Shape interface must provide an implementation for the getArea() method.

An interface also serves as a way to define a contract between different components of a system. One component may depend on another component only through the interface, which allows for greater flexibility and makes the system easier to maintain.

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