What is climate change? What are its impacts? Suggests measures to overcome these effects of climate change.

Climate Change: Issues and Challenges of Development

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures, weather patterns, and atmospheric conditions due to natural phenomena and human activities. While natural processes like volcanic eruptions and solar variations contribute to climate variability, the accelerated changes in the last century are primarily driven by anthropogenic factors, particularly the excessive release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O). These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and broader climate disruptions.

### Impacts of Climate Change

1. Environmental Impacts:
   - Rising Temperatures: Global warming is causing record-breaking heat waves, melting glaciers, and shrinking polar ice caps, leading to rising sea levels.
   - Extreme Weather Events: Increased frequency and intensity of hurricanes, cyclones, droughts, and floods disrupt ecosystems and human settlements.
   - Loss of Biodiversity: Shifting climatic conditions threaten species unable to adapt, leading to extinction and loss of biodiversity.
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