What is Brownian motion? Write its two examples. Show that during sedimentation, particles concentration decreases exponentially as height increases.
Brownian motion is the continuous, random, and irregular motion of microscopic particles suspended in a fluid, resulting from incessant and unequal collisions with the fast-moving molecules of the surrounding medium. This motion becomes more prominent for smaller particles and at higher temperatures and provides direct experimental evidence for the molecular nature of ______ ____ _____ __________ ________ _____.
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क परमाणुक आदर्श गैस के एकल कण के लिए संवितरण फलन का व्यंजक व्युत्पन्न कीजिए। N सर्वसम तथापि विभेद्य अन्योन्य क्रियाहीन कणो वाली एक-परमाणुक गैस के लिए संवितरण फलन लिखिए।
Write the expressions of an ideal gas and van der Waals’ equation. 10 moles of nitrogen gas occupy a volume of in a vessel at
. Calculate the pressure exerted by the molecules, if it is assumed to obey van der Waals’ equation. Compare this Value with that obtained using ideal gas law.
Given: ,
and .
Using the Planck's radiation law:
and (iii) Stefan's law. (10)
What is Fermi-energy? Obtain an expression for Fermi energy for a system of N Fermions enclosed in a volume V. What will be the value of Fermi-energy (in eV) of gold at Fermi-temperature ?
N particles obey MB distribution. They are distributed among three states with energies and
. If the equilibrium energy of the system is 2000 kBT, calculate the total number of particles, N.
Obtain the expressions of work done for an ideal gas (i) in an isothermal expansion (ii)) in an adiabatic process.
Derive an expression of the partition function for a single particle monatomic ideal gas. Write the expression for a monatomic gas consisting of N-identical yet distinguishable and non-interacting particles.