What is an operating system? Discuss any two functions of an operating system.

An operating system (OS) is a software program that serves as the intermediary between computer hardware and software applications. It manages computer resources, provides an interface for user interaction, and facilitates the execution of various tasks. Here is a discussion of two important functions of an operating system:

1. Process Management: One crucial function of an operating system is process management. A process refers to an instance of a program in execution. The operating system handles the creation, scheduling, and termination of processes, ensuring efficient utilization of the computer's resources.

a) Process Scheduling: The operating system employs process scheduling algorithms to determine the order in which processes are executed on the CPU. It allocates CPU time to different processes, considering factors such as priority, fairness, and resource availability. Effective process scheduling ensures optimal utilization of the CPU and ____ _________ ___ _____ _________ __________ ___.
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